Nine judges are appointed for Olympic trampoline competitions: a chair of the judge's panel, two difficulty judges, six execution judges and one time of flight judge.

There are three categories of scores: difficulty, execution and time of flight. For the first routine of the qualifying round, only two elements' difficulty values count toward the difficulty score. For voluntary routines, the difficulty of all 10 elements are counted.

Each athlete begins his or her routine with zero difficulty points. Each element performed has a specific difficulty value. By checking the difficulty values entered on the competition card (and ensuring that the same elements are performed), the judges determine the final difficulty score for a routine and display it.

During a routine, the five execution judges evaluate the athlete's form and how well each skill is performed, such as whether the body line is kept straight, legs are together, and landings are near the center of the bed.

When they see imperfections, they make deductions of up to 0.5 points for each mistake. The total deductions (plus a possible deduction for lack of control after the last element) are then subtracted from the maximum score of 10.0. The final execution score is determined by dropping the highest and lowest of the five scores, then adding up the remaining three scores. Therefore the maximum possible score for execution is 30 points (10 + 10 + 10).

In 2011, a 'time of flight' machine, which measures the total flight time of the gymnast, was introduced. It will be used for the fourth time at the Olympic Games in Paris.

The final score for each routine is the addition of the scores for difficulty, execution, horizontal displacement and time of flight:

Difficulty score + Execution score + Horizonal Displacement score + Time of Flight score - any penalties = Final score

If there is a tie in the final round, rankings will be determined by the following criteria until the tie is broken:

• The gymnast with the highest T score will be ranked higher.
•  If still tied, the highest H score will count, followed by the highest D score. 
• If still tied, the gymnast with the highest sum of all E scores will be ranked higher. 
• If the tie still cannot be broken, gymnasts will share the same rank and medals, if applicable. 

The Olympic trampoline competition consists of an individual qualifying event followed by an individual final for both the men and women.

In the qualification round, competitors will perform two routines, a compulsory and a voluntary routine, with the top eight male and top eight female athletes with the highest combined scores advancing to the final round. In the final, athletes perform one voluntary routine, again consisting of 10 skills which are each given a difficulty and execution score, then added to the time of flight for a final score. Scores from the final round alone determine the medalists.

Olympic trampoline gymnasts often jump more than 8 meters (over 26 feet) in the air.